EBeijing, nge-21 ka-Agasti ka-2025-Kwimimandla ekhula ngokukhawuleza efana nonxibelelwano lwe-5G, i-intanethi yesathelayithi, kunye ne-millimeter{5}}i-wave radar, i-RF coaxial connectors ngamalungu aphambili ogqithiso lomqondiso, kwaye ukusebenza kwazo kuchaphazela ngqo uzinzo lwenkqubo yonke. Ngokunyuka kwemfuno yezicelo ezisebenza rhoqo, iinjineli zijongene nemiceli mngeni enzima ngakumbi. Kutshanje, iingcali zeshishini ziye zashwankathela iingcebiso ezintlanu ezisebenzayo ukunceda iinjineli ukuba ziphucule uyilo lwesiqhagamshelo, ukuphucula impumelelo yovavanyo, kunye nokwandisa ubomi besixhobo.
Icebiso loku-1: Khetha i-Impedans eLungileyo ehambelanayo
I-impedance ye-RF coaxial connectors (ngokuqhelekileyo i-50Ω okanye i-75Ω) kufuneka ihambelane ngokugqibeleleyo nenkqubo; ngaphandle koko, ukubonakalisa umqondiso kunye nokulahlekelwa kwamandla kuya kubangela. "Kwi-millimeter-iibhendi zamaza amaza (umzekelo, ngaphezulu kwe-28GHz), nokutenxa komda oyi-0.1mm kunokubangela ukuthotywa okubalulekileyo kwi-SWR," utshilo umlawuli wezobugcisa kumenzi woqhagamshelo wamazwe ngamazwe. Iinjineli kufuneka zibeke phambili ukusebenzisa imifuziselo esemgangathweni yothintelo ebonelelwe ngumenzi kwaye ziqinisekise eyona ngqamaniso zisebenzisa iVector network analyzer (VNA).
Icebiso lesi-2: Nika ingqalelo ekucoceni nasekugcineni ujongano loqhagamshelwano.
Izikhonkwane zokudibanisa kunye neesokethi zixhomekeke kwi-oxidation kunye ne-debris yensimbi emva kokufaka ngokuphindaphindiweyo kunye nokususwa, okukhokelela ekwandiseni ukuchasana koqhagamshelwano. "Sicebisa ukuba kusetyenziswe utywala{1}iswebhu yasimahla yokucoca ukucoca abafowunelwa kunye nokufakela iminqwazi yothuli kwindawo enzima," yatsho injineli ebandakanyeka kuphuhliso lomfuziselo we-6G. Kwiimeko zokuthembeka okuphezulu-(ezifana nokusetyenziswa kwe-aerospace), ubukhulu be-plating yegolide kufuneka budlule kwi-1μm ukomeleza ukuxhathisa ukunxiba.
Icebiso lesi-3: Lungiselela ulawulo lwetorque yokufakela.
Ukuqinisa okanye ukuqiniswa kunokunciphisa ubomi bokudibanisa. Idatha ye-Industry ibonisa ukuba i-torque ecetyiswayo ye-SMA connectors yi-0.7-1.0 N · m, ngelixa i-2.92mm izixhumi ezichanekileyo zifuna ukuchaneka kwe-0.35 N · m. "Ukusebenzisa i-torque{6}}i-wrench elinganiselweyo kunciphisa impazamo yomntu, ebaluleke kakhulu kwimveliso yobuninzi," ugxininise umphathi we-R&D womvelisi wezixhobo zovavanyo.
Ingcebiso yesi-4: Phucula ukusebenza kokhuselo kwizandi eziphezulu.
Kwi-5G millimeter wave frequency band, ukungonelanga kokukhusela isiqhagamshelo kunokukhokelela kwimiba yokuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic (EMI). Izisombululo zamva nje ziquka ukukhuselwa kathathu kunye -nedielectric esezantsi{3}}imathiriyeli yokugquma rhoqo. "Kwilabhu yethu, sifumene ukuba ukongeza i-PTFE (i-polytetrafluoroethylene) i-padding inokuphucula i-shielding attenuation ngaphezu kwe-10dB," yatsho inkokeli yeqela lophando lweyunivesithi.
Icebiso lesi-5: Ukusombulula ingxaki ngokukhawuleza
Xa inkqubo ifumana umqondiso ongaqhelekanga, iinjineli zinokusebenzisa-indlela yamanyathelo amathathu ukukhangela imiba yoqhagamshelo:
1. Ukuhlola okubonwayo: Qwalasela izikhonkwane ezigobileyo okanye iipleyiti zokuxobula;
2. Uvavanyo lwe-time domain reflectometry (TDR): Fumana i-impedance discontinuities;
3. Indlela yokutshintsha: Faka endaweni yesinxibelelanisi esikrokrelekayo ukuze uqinisekise umba.
"Iziphene{0}eziphezulu zefrikhwensi zikholisa ukwenzeka kwiindibano ezintathu zokuqala zekhonkco. Ukubeka phambili ezi ndawo kunokonga ngaphezulu kwe-50% yexesha lokusombulula ingxaki," icebisa njalo injineli yeRF.
Indlela yoShishino: I-miniaturization kunye ne-frequency ephezulu idibana ngokuhambelanayo
Njengoko ubukhulu bepakethe yechip bucutheka, imfuno ye-ultra-iziqhagamshelo ezincinci, nokuba yi-1.0mm kunye ne-0.8mm, ikhula ngokukhawuleza. Ngaxeshanye, i-waveguide-ukuya{5}}kwi-coaxial conversion technology exhasa amaza angapha kwe-110 GHz iye yaba yindawo yophando nophuhliso. Iingcali ziqikelela ukuba izihlanganisi ezikrelekrele kunye nembuyekezo yobushushu obudibeneyo ziya kuthi ngokuthe ngcembe zibe yinto eqhelekileyo kwiminyaka emihlanu ezayo.
Ukuqukumbela
Ukuphucula ukusebenza kwe-RF coaxial connectors kufuna ukuhlanganiswa okunzulu kwethiyori kunye nokuziqhelanisa. Ukuba ngobuchule obu buchule bungentla akuzukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwezobunjineli kodwa kwakhona kubeke isiseko esiluqilima sesiseko sonxibelelwano{1}sesizukulwana esilandelayo. Njengoko enye ingcaphephe kushishino ikubeka, "Iinkcukacha zimisela impumelelo okanye ukungaphumeleli kweempawu eziphezulu{3}}ezivela rhoqo, kunye nezihlanganisi zisembindini wezi nkcukacha."
(Imithombo yedatha: I-International Connector Association (ICA), i-IEEE Transactions kwi-Microwave Theory kunye neTechniques)